ENTREPRENEURSHIP EFFECTIVENESS IN SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES
(A CASE STUDY OF MACON’S BAKERY INDUSTRY ENUGU)
ABSTRACT
The role of small scale industries to any economy is indispensable recently. His emphasis has been on measures to accelerate their expansion and growth. To give this effort proper direction, it is identifiable that the key ingredient in translating this dream into reality is effective entrepreneurship.       The research is able to reveal the characteristic nature of small scale industries, how small scale industries are financed and some of them are from personal savings and from relatives, the causes of failure of small scale industries  covered also the importance and the needed factors to be considered before setting the industries.      In this regard, the study laid much emphasis on the whole idea of entrepreneurship effectiveness in small scale industries. The solution and recommendations are subsequently based on the observation and research findings for effective entrepreneurship on small scale industries.        
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1      Background of the study       
1.2      Statement of the Problem            
1.3      Purpose of the Study            
1.4      Research Questions              
1.5      Significant of the study                
1.6      Scope of the study        
1.7      Limitation of the Study  
1.8      Definition of Terms        
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1  Characteristics of small scale industries        
2.2  The importance of small scale industries
2.3  Causes of Failure in Small Scale Industries    
2.4  Factors to be Considered in Sitting small scale industries                         
2.5  Method of Financing Small Scale Industries   
2.6  Problems of Small Scale Business  
2.7  Problems of Staff Training            
2.8  Marketing Problems              
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1  Research Design
3.2  Area of Study         
3.3  Population of the study         
3.4  Sample and Sampling Procedures         
3.5  Instruments of Data Collection             
3.6  Validity of Instrument           
3.7  Reliability of Instrument        
3.8  Method of Data Collection      
3.9  Method of Data Analysis        
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1  Presentation and Analysis             
4.2  Summary of Findings (Result)              
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
5.1  Discussion of Findings (Results)           
5.2  Implications of the Research Findings   
5.3  Conclusions                  
5.4  Suggestions for Further Studies    
Bibliography
Appendix
 CHAPTER ONE
 1.0 INTRODUCTION
       The roles played by small scale industries in the growth of any economy cannot be over emphasized. This has been the singular reason why both government groups and individuals in business always place greater emphasis. on the unique human activity. This also accounts for its dominating prominence in government policy statement. Much multinational or even supranational business today stated as small scale business. This therefore implies that small scale is the beginning of every big business.
       The present day America is the richest country in the world judging by the economy. The history of industrialization in this God’s own country has shown the absolute importance of small scale industries in the economy and scheme of things. careful study and investigation has released that in America, only 1/10 of 10% of the total number of firms in the economy employ more than 2,500 workers. It is also further show that 89% of the total firms in the economy employ less than 100 employees, and 65% having less than 20 employees in their payroll.
       As a standard of judgment using number of employees, this has a least proved that in spite of here economic glory, America is not land of giant corporations. Many countries of today like, South Korea, Taiwan, Honkong and Singapore are making enormous successes in the world export industrial market as a result of emphasis on small scale industries.
       As a way out, the efforts of every segment of Nigerian government for small scale industries enhancement cannot therefore be surprising thus, our part administrators, national planners and development project imitators cannot excuse their lack of careful planning in this regard, therefore, following the result of these falterers in our national development economy and planning strategy, the continue ineffectiveness of our small scale industries have promote the reason for this work. The research work therefore is an attempt to looking into a key and embodying factor in small scale industrial effectiveness.
       Entrepreneurship effectiveness in small scale industries the scope of the project would be limited to a case study of Macon’s Bakery industry in Enugu state capital. The general opinion reveled that in spite of its key roles and functions in the success of any ventures or business adequate entrepreneurial impact has neither been felt nor matched the search for small-scale industries enhancement and growth.     
       Investors have not shown commendable interest to accept entrepreneurial role, and this has led to a low venturing rate in spite of all this, there are still multifarious prospective areas in the manufacturing, merchandising and service sectors of the economy that exist, this was actualized through the various efforts made by the government, private individuals, industrial and financial institutions and others commercial agencies towards including small scale enterprise. For effectiveness, there is need to make adequate appraisal of entrepreneurial role towards funding of the enterprises to actual managing. These measures will ensure that the entrepreneurs achieve the reward profits.
       As we said earlier, small is the beginning of large scale, the effort on small scale enterprises were stepping-stones to large-scale corporation.
       Prosperous individual like Ekenedirichukwu, Ifesinachi, Dantal, Hamza Adebowale, Samusie and a host of others started as a small scale business. It is a waste of time for one to keep waiting for large capital to accumulate before establishment thus the statement “from grass to grace”.                       
       Taking the manpower and development needs of this country into consideration, any capital savings must be reinvested for further capital formation in the best way for multiplier effect on the economy towards. Small-scale enterprises promotion. In effect, our dreams will come true and fruitful if the necessary linkage between small-scale enterprise and small- scale entrepreneurship is created.
 1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
       The idea has been that the glory of any economy, whether industrialized or underdeveloped depend very much on how well organized and managed the small scale industries are given. This fact, most of the developed countries of the world are champions of small-scale industries.
       In the real sense, the central objectives of the small-scale enterprise are to make profits for the owner or manager/entrepreneur for expansion purpose. As a result, there should be equilibrium between the goals of the managers and those of the worker to achieve desired psychological, economy and entrepreneurial effectiveness. Therefore, profit is a reward for an effective entrepreneurship. It is a foundation to small- scale industrial  development, which is consequently and acid text for entrepreneurship effectiveness.
       Therefore, government being very keen, has to establish the peace of industrial funding and management to attain the much needed entrepreneur effectiveness. Other programmes aimed  at promoting entrepreneurial development and enterprises in small- scale should be considered by the government.
       Furthermore, entrepreneurship effectiveness is a primary function of ventural personal evaluation to determine entrepreneurial qualities, taking decision creativeness ingenuity, innovative mind and skill minimizes the risk and optimizes reward.    It is there based on the above establishment facts of entrepreneurial and small business circumstances that the project writers intend to build some of the assumption underlying the project topic.
The Historical Background of Down Function Group of Company Nigeria Limited
       Down function which was sited at 8 Nza street Independence layout Enugu established in 1970 for the purpose of public relation services. This involves such things as advertising and promotional services, that is they help firms and organizations. They were into consultation with people who could represent what they actually want to portray as per calendar advertisement and business advice and services. Through the years it becomes important and necessary that they should engage into management consultancy, which deals with fundamentals management concerns as business policy and management of organizations. The reasons for diversion is to enable graduates of management who needs some years of practical training and managerial leadership to properly mature and graduates into management consulting profession.      When it became known of their consulting services that is towards management upliftment, they now started practicing as management consultants tendering independent advice and existence to their clients. But them, there was no code of conduct bye-lack to regulate the moral and ethical standard of individual consultants.
       In view of this, the firm continued on consultancy services till date at list to make sure that management in their management problems could reach out for their services. once they play the role of improving the quality and enhancing the duty of the management consulting, research and training and also for the performance of this duty providing management advices and consultancy services to organization both large, medium and small as well as achieve their objectives.              
1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
       Despite all efforts made by individuals, groups and government to ensuring greater effectiveness in the operation, funding and management of small scale business, the overall successes recorded by some of these small scale business operators are still nothing to write home about on the average, only very few usually see the light of the day soon after coming on streams.
       This proper performance has been attributed to a lot of problems encountered by small-scale business such as problems include:
1.  Inadequate funding: this refers to the degree of sponsorship, funding and support which the prospective or financially buoyant businessmen renders to willing young graduates who which to go on their own if adequate fund is rendered to an individual who is willing The venture rate on small scale industries will be determined.    
2.  Inadequate managerial ability: this involves lack of management planning i.e improper planning carried out by the entrepreneurs. This examines all the major causes of success and failures of most small-scale entrepreneurs. It also determines the level of educational and business awareness of prospective entrepreneurs and also the degree of feasibility studies carried out.
3.  Liquidation is a stated problem: it is true that the establishment is easy to operate, so it is easy to go out of operation small scale business is often operated with limited capital that is why in most of our various industries liquidation is certain to occur.
4.  The inappropriate technology: the technical know how applied by small-scale business operators is antiquated. There is no adequate control technique. like in accounting, organizational performance review and functional feed-back mechanisms they the focus of this write up therefore is to asses the degree of sponsorship or availability of funds for small business units and to ascertain the pilot role of government and its numerous agencies towards development of small scale business. And to evolve and recommend measures aimed at ensuring effective entrepreneurship in small-scale industries.
 1.3  PURPOSE OF THE Study
1.    To identify means of acquiring metal capital for the business.
2.    To examine the major factors militating against small business.
3.    To know the sources of government findings available to the organization.
4.    To investigate the financial benefits from any organization financial institutions.
1.4  RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.    How do you help to acquire initial capital?
2.    what are the major factors for the incessant failure of small business.
3.    What are the sources of government funding available to the organization?
4.    Have you benefited from any organization or private financial institution?
1.5  SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
       Entrepreneurship effectiveness in small-scale industries is not merely a matter of enterprises underlying interest is to improve industries performances and the role of small-scale industries. It cannot be argued that the significance of this study is for academic requirements, But must be borne in mind that learning institution are established to produce capable entrepreneurs for the efficiency of small scale industries.
       At the end of this work a significant effort will be highlight the ideal circumstance for entrepreneurial effectiveness. The organizational risk bearest as well as risqué management would be opportune to avoid themselves of such the prospective enterprises could make themselves available with materials that could broaden enlightens on entrepreneurial risk path.
       Truly the awareness this work is bond to create would no doubt stimulate self employment among our young and potential graduates, induce small scale entrepreneurial growth as well as promote the productive capacity of our economy.
       Therefore, this study the economic and business of our people, it is significantly an enlightenment  into a small business and potentials of entrepreneurial personality for effectiveness.
1.6  SCOPE OF THE STUDY
While writing the project efforts are being make to ensure that all necessary material will be used for successful research task.
       Again struck care will be taken, based on the limited information and available data to this discourse entrepreneurship effectiveness in small scale industries a case study of Macon’s Bakery Industry Enugu.